KOROTKOFF SOUND VS OSCILLOMETRIC CUFF SPHYGMOMANOMETERS: COMPARISON BETWEEN AUSCULTATORY AND DYNAPULSE BLOOD PRESSURE MEASUREMENTS
Shiu-Shin Chio, PhD, Elaine M. Urbina, MD, Jeffery LaPointe, BS, Jeffrey Tsai, BS, Gerald S. Berenson, MD
Listening to Korotkoff sounds (K-sounds) to determine systolic and diastolic blood pressure (BP) has been the standard for
noninvasive BP measurement in medical practices for nearly 100 years. It is the essential tool used for evaluation and
assessment of patients with hypertension and risks of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) by physicians and nurses despite
limited understanding of the nature of K-sounds. Analyzing cuff oscillometric signals to obtain BP has been the
foundation of most digital BP monitors available today. DynaPulse is an oscillometric digital BP monitor that records
and analyzes subtle changes of pulse waveforms during the course of a BP measurement while cuff pressure slowly decreases
from above systolic to below diastolic. This study compares systolic and diastolic readings obtained by K-sound method
following the Bogalusa Heart Study protocol and BP measured by DynaPulse (DP2000A) monitor, in order to better understand
the nature and difference between K-sound and oscillometric methods. Analysis of means and differences is applied to
BP data collected from 803 subjects examined in the Bogalusa Heart Study. The results indicated: 1) DynaPulse systolic
was 9 mmHg higher (p<0.0001) than Phase 1 (K1) systolic, 2) DynaPulse diastolic was 5 mmHg lower (p<0.0001) than
Phase 4 (K4) and 3) is less than 1 mmHg higher than Phase 5 (K5) diastolic (p<0.0001), when compared to K-sound auscultatory
measurement. Understanding the methods and differences of DynaPulse oscillometric and K-sound BP measurements is important
for clinic BP screening and self-BP monitoring, as well as future research to improve hypertension and CVD managements.
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